Definitions
Terminal - used to refer to the piece of hardware, ie. the computer terminal, that you were accessing. In modern terminology, it refers to the command line interface. Think Command Prompt, or PowerShell
Shell - refers to the software running within the terminal. Think Git Bash.
CWD - the cwd is the Current Working Directory.
Absolute Path - defines an absolute path to any file or folder, irregardless of the cwd - eg. C:\users\User\Files\thisFile.txt.
Relative Path - a file or folder path, relative to my cwd - eg. cwd/subDirectory/subDirectory/thisFile.txt.
Basic Git Commands
>> interestingly, these are also linux terminal commands
clear
clears the terminal display screen.
~
(tilde) : references the home directory.
eg. cd ~ goes back to the home directory.
/
references the root directory.
eg. cd / goes back to the root directory.
cd
change the cwd to a sub-directory (if it exists).
eg. cd git-repos changes to the git-repos sub-directory of the cwd.
cd ..
change the cwd back up one level.
../
moves back up one level.
(note: theses can be chained to go back multiple levels).
pwd
(print working directory) : displays the path of the current working directory (cwd).
ls
list's the contents of the current working directory (cwd).
mkdir
creates a new subdirectory within the cwd.
touch
creates a new file within the cwd.
syntax: touch filename.ext.
rm
remove a file, (or multiple files) from the cwd.
eg. rm [filename] [filename] [filename]...
rmdir
remove an empty folder.
eg. rmdir [foldername].
rm-rf
remove a not empty folder.
eg. rmd-rf [foldername].